03513cam a22003493u 4500 77424 UtSlPG 20260610134807.0 m cr n 260607r20251924utu|||||o|||||||||||||| d 64058903 UtSlPG fr iso639-1 DT Ṣabrī, Muḥammad, 1894-1978 La genèse de l'esprit national égyptien (1863-1882) Salt Lake City, UT : Project Gutenberg, 2025 1 online resource : multiple file formats text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Release date is 2025-12-08 Galo Flordelis (This file was produced from images generously made available by Google Books) "La genèse de l'esprit national égyptien (1863-1882)" by Muḥammad Ṣabrī is a historical study written in the early 20th century. It investigates how Egyptian national consciousness formed under Khedive Ismaʿil, tracing the links between fiscal crises, administrative reforms, the Arabic press, Islamic reformist thought, and intensifying Franco-British involvement that set the stage for the 1881–82 uprising. Drawing on unpublished memoirs and multilingual contemporary sources, it reconstructs the political and intellectual currents that converged into a modern national movement. The opening of the study sets out the author’s aim to clarify a complex period through rare sources: unpublished memoirs (especially those of Muhammad ʿAbduh), early opposition newspapers in Arabic, and French and English press and eyewitness accounts. It then sketches a long backdrop to modern Egypt, arguing for the deep continuity of an “Egyptian type” that became arabisized in language and religion while remaining demographically indigenous, moving rapidly from Greco-Roman suppression through the Arab conquest and successive dynasties to Ottoman and Mamluk rule. The French expedition is presented as a civilizing jolt, while Muhammad ʿAli’s reforms—national army of fellahin, irrigation, industry, schools, and missions to Europe—ignite a “national instinct” and a rising middle stratum. Saʿid Pasha’s fiscal and social measures (tax reform, peasant property, freer commerce, national conscription) further normalize state-society relations but introduce two future pressure points: foreign debt and the Suez Canal. At the start of the first chapter, the narrative turns to Ismaʿil’s dazzling early years and then mounting financial chaos: extravagant court spending, predatory loans, the Moukabala scheme, costly firmans bought at Constantinople, and the catastrophic 1873 loan. Britain’s purchase of canal shares and the Cave mission usher in joint but rival French-British schemes of financial control; Cave’s report acknowledges real material progress yet urges debt consolidation at lower interest under external oversight, with a view to stabilizing revenues and protecting the fellahin. (This is an automatically generated summary.) Originally published: Paris: Libraire Picart, 1924 Egypt -- History -- Tawfīq, 1879-1892 Egypt -- History -- Ismail, 1863-1879 ʻUrābī, Aḥmad, 1841?-1911 https://books.google.com/books/about/La_gen%C3%A8se_de_l_esprit_national_%C3%A9gyptie.html?id=oRMUOAAACAAJ https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77424 118144 118144