03524cam a22003613u 4500 78050 UtSlPG 20260610134817.0 m cr n 260607r20261910utu|||||o|||||||||||||| d UtSlPG en iso639-1 QA Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947 Principia mathematica, vol. 1 (of 3) Salt Lake City, UT : Project Gutenberg, 2026 1 online resource : multiple file formats text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Wikipedia page about this book: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principia_Mathematica Release date is 2026-02-26 Richard Tonsing, Laura Natal, Michael Roe and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.) In memoriam of Greg Newby. The Principia Mathematica (often abbreviated PM) is a three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics written by the mathematician–philosophers Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell and published in 1910, 1912, and 1913. In 1925–1927, it appeared in a second edition with an important Introduction to the Second Edition, an Appendix A (that replaced ✱9), and with an additional new Appendix B and Appendix C. PM was conceived as a sequel to Russell's 1903 The Principles of Mathematics, but as PM states, this became an unworkable suggestion for practical and philosophical reasons: "The present work was originally intended by us to be comprised in a second volume of Principles of Mathematics ... But as we advanced, it became increasingly evident that the subject is a very much larger one than we had supposed; moreover on many fundamental questions which had been left obscure and doubtful in the former work, we have now arrived at what we believe to be satisfactory solutions." PM, according to its introduction, had three aims: to analyse to the greatest possible extent the ideas and methods of mathematical logic and to minimise the number of primitive notions, axioms, and inference rules; to precisely express mathematical propositions in symbolic logic using the most convenient notation that precise expression allows; to solve the paradoxes that plagued logic and set theory at the turn of the 20th century, like Russell's paradox. This third aim motivated the adoption of the theory of types in PM. The theory of types adopts grammatical restrictions on formulas that rule out the unrestricted comprehension of classes, properties, and functions. The effect of this is that formulas such as would allow the comprehension of objects like the Russell set turn out to be ill-formed: they violate the grammatical restrictions of the system of PM. PM sparked interest in symbolic logic and advanced the subject, popularizing it and demonstrating its power. The Modern Library placed PM 23rd in their list of the top 100 English-language nonfiction books of the 20th century. (This summary is from Wikipedia.) Originally published: Cambridge: University Press, 1910 Mathematics Logic, Symbolic and mathematical Mathematics -- Philosophy Russell, Bertrand, 1872-1970 https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000168955 https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/78050 118770 118770