Kropotkin, Petr Alekseevich, kniaz, 1842-1921

Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution - 1 online resource : multiple file formats

Wikipedia page about this book: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_Aid:_A_Factor_of_Evolution Release date is 2003-08-01

Produced by Charles Aldarondo Produced by Charles Aldarondo

"Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution" by Petr Alekseevich Kropotkin is a collection of essays published in 1902. Drawing from observations in Siberia and beyond, Kropotkin challenges social Darwinism's emphasis on competition, arguing instead that cooperation and mutual aid are fundamental forces in nature and human societies. He examines how animals and humans throughout history—from indigenous peoples to medieval guilds—have survived and thrived through collaboration rather than ruthless competition. This work presents a scientific foundation for anarchist communism while offering insights that influenced evolutionary biology. (This is an automatically generated summary.)



Cooperation Social groups Social institutions

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