02490cam a22003133u 450000100060000000300070000600500170001300600020003000700050003200800410003704000110007804100170008905000090010610000220011524500500013726400510018730000470023833600260028533700260031133800360033750000310037350800950040452014830049953400450198265300470202765300420207485600430211699900170215952971UtSlPG20260610134224.0mcr n260607r2016||||utu|||||o|||||||||||||| d aUtSlPG 7aen2iso639-1 4aE0111 aWilliams, Jack R.14aThe Indians of Carlsbad Caverns National Park 1aSalt Lake City, UT :bProject Gutenberg,c2016 a1 online resource :bmultiple file formats atextbtxt2rdacontent acomputerbc2rdamedia aonline resourcebcr2rdacarrier aRelease date is 2016-09-03 aE-text prepared by Stephen Hutcheson, xteejx, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team a"The Indians of Carlsbad Caverns National Park" by Jack R. Williams is a historical account written in the mid-20th century. This book explores the various Indigenous groups that inhabited the Carlsbad Caverns National Park area, focusing on their cultures, lifestyles, and interactions with their environment. It delves into the complexities surrounding the early inhabitants, particularly the Basketmakers, Mescalero Apaches, and Comanches, along with their respective periods and influences. In the narrative, Williams traces the history of these groups, beginning with the Early Man who first settled in the region 15 to 25,000 years ago. He highlights the distinct characteristics of each Indigenous culture, discussing the Basketmakers' reliance on gathering and hunting, their unique crafting techniques, and their interaction with surrounding tribes. The arrival of the Mescalero Apaches and Comanches marks shifts in cultural dynamics, often bending to the influences of European contact. The text provides insights into their daily lives, food sources, communal practices, and spiritual beliefs, including their engagements with the natural world and their use of the caverns for shelter and ceremonial purposes. The result is a detailed compilation that sheds light on the anthropological significance of the area, inviting readers to appreciate the rich heritage of the Indigenous peoples connected to Carlsbad Caverns. (This is an automatically generated summary.) nOriginal publication data not identified aIndians of North America -- Southwest, New aCarlsbad Caverns National Park (N.M.)40uhttps://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/52971 c93805d93805